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Engels on Will
…history proceeds in such a way that the final result always arises from conflicts between many individual wills, and every one of them is in turn made into what it is by a host of particular...
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Engels on the Materialist Conception of History
According to the materialist conception of history, the ultimately determining factor in history is the production and reproduction of real life. Neither Marx nor I have ever asserted more than this....
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A man who gave priority to matter – and another, to its product: on the one...
‘It is an eternal cycle in which matter moves, a cycle that certainly only completes its orbit in periods of time for which our terrestrial year is no adequate measure, a cycle in which the time of...
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What is Man?
And from the first animals were developed, essentially by further differentiation, the numerous classes, orders, families, genera, and species of animals; and finally vertebrates, the form in which the...
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“All that Comes into Being Deserves to Perish”
* * * This much is certain: there was a time when the matter of our island universe had transformed into heat such an amount of motion – of what kind we do not yet know – that there could be...
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Matter and Motion
The indestructibility of motion cannot be conceived merely quantitatively; it must also be conceived qualitatively; matter whose purely mechanical change of place includes indeed the possibility under...
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Engels on materialism: part 6 – the universe is a process
The second specific limitation of this materialism lay in its inability to comprehend the universe as a process, as matter undergoing uninterrupted historical development. This was in accordance with...
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Engels on materialism: part 8 – Ludwig Feuerbach, cobweb-spinning...
…even during Feuerbach’s lifetime, natural science was still in that process of violent fermentation which only during the last 15 years had reached a clarifying, relative conclusion. New scientific...
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Hegel on the Light of Life
‘…vast tracts of sea break out into phosphorescent light…the whole surface of the sea, too, is partly an infinite shining, partly an immeasurable, immense sea of light which consists purely of points...
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The philosophy for the world within is now our tool for the world without
Bourgeois philosophy is increasingly an impediment to knowledge. Marx took the following and stood it on its feet, anchoring it in the material world. When based in praxis, it is the core of the tool...
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Do you want to understand the world? Then consider this
‘…the tremendous power of the negative…’ G.W.F.Hegel, Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit, trans., A.V.Miller, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1977, 19 Images: top/middle/bottom
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The motley play of the world and its dialectical relativity
‘In this motley play of the world, if we may so call the sum of existents, there is nowhere a firm footing to be found: everything bears an aspect of relativity, conditioned by and conditioning...
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Everything is opposite
‘Instead of speaking by the maxim of Excluded Middle (which is the maxim of abstract understanding) we should rather say: Everything is opposite. Neither in heaven nor in earth, neither in the world of...
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Imagine
‘How is that Power present to the universe? …Conceive it as a power of an ever-fresh infinity, a principle unfailing, inexhaustible, at no point giving out, brimming over with its own vitality. If you...
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Engels on the exaltation of man
So much is certain: comparative physiology gives one a withering contempt for the idealistic exaltation of man over the other animals. At every step one is forced to recognise the most complete...
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Engels on Dialectics, Part Five: Causality
The first thing that strikes us in considering matter in motion is the inter-connection of the individual motions of separate bodies, their being determined by one another. But not only do we find that...
View ArticleEngels on dialectics
(The general nature of dialectics to be developed as the science of inter-connections, in contrast to metaphysics.) It is, therefore, from the history of nature and human society that the laws of...
View ArticleEngels on dialectics, part two: either/or, both this and that
Dialectics, so-called objective dialectics, prevails throughout nature, and so-called subjective dialectics, dialectical thought, is only the reflection of the motion through opposites which asserts...
View ArticleEngels on the Kantian ‘thing-in-itself’
The form of development of natural science, in so far as it thinks, is the hypothesis. A new fact is observed which makes impossible the previous method of explaining the facts belonging to the same...
View ArticleEngels on dialectics, part three: chance and necessity
Another opposition in which metaphysics is entangled is that of chance and necessity. What can be more sharply contradictory than these two thought determinations? How is it possible that both are...
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